Proteomics is something new in the field of biotechnology. It is basically the study of the proteome, the collective body of proteins made by a person’s cells and tissues. Since it is proteins, and to a much lesser extent, other types of biological molecules that are directly involved in both normal and disease associated biochemical processes, a more complete understanding of the disease may be gained by directly looking at the proteins present within a
diseased cell or tissue and this is achieved through the study of the proteome, Proteomics. For, Proteomics, we need 2-D electrophoresis equipment toseparate the proteins, mass spectrometry to identify them and x-ray crystallography to know more of the structure and function of the proteins. These equipments are essential in the study of proteomics.
The exact definition of proteomics varies depending on whom you ask, but most of the scientists agree that it can be broken into three main activities: identifying all the proteins made in a given cell, tissue or organism; determining how these proteins join forces to form networks akin to electrical circuits; and outlining the precise three-dimensional structure of the proteins in
an effort to find their Achilles’ heels-that is, where drugs might turn their activity on or off. Though the task seems straightforward, it is not as simple as it seems.
The critical pathway of proteome research includes:
- Sample collection
- Protein separation
- Protein identification
- Protein characterization
- Bioinformatics
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